Carbohydrates Introduction:
Carbohydrates are kind of like calories because they are an make the energy in our body that we use to function. Carbohydrates are sugars that can be received from various kinds of foods. The carbohydrate called Fructose is a type of carbohydrate that we get from fruits. There are also other carbohydrates and they are glucose, galactose, starch, and sucrose. All carbohydrates out there come in different forms, the forms they come in are monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. However all three of the forms are all isomers. Disaccharides are to monosaccharides bonded together and a polysaccharide is two disaccharides or multiple monosaccharides bonded together.
Carbohydrates Questions:
Carbohydrate Lab:
For the carbohydrate lab me and a my table group had used what is known as the iodine test, the Benedict's test, the Barfoed's test, and the Seliwanoff's test to figure out what type of carbohydrates we were dealing with. My group and I had used a model tree in this carbohydrate lab to conclude the identity of the unknown carbohydrates. After we did the iodine test my group and I found that unknown D was positive so we concluded that it is a polysaccharide, later y group and I had agreed that it was starch. After my group and I finished the Benedict's test, our data showed that unknown C was the only one that test negative. After we completed that test we had concluded that it is not a reducing sugar which is why it was then to be labeled to be sucrose. After that test we did the Barfoed's test, this test specifically looks for disaccharides.After my group and I did that test we found that Unknown A tested negative which meant that its a disaccharide which is why we then labeled it to be lactose. The final test done in this test was the Seliwanoff's test which tests for ketoses, substance B tested positive meaning that it was in fact a ketose. After all the testing we then concluded that it was fructose. Then we concluded that the negative was glucose because it was the only one left to choose from. After my group and I were done we had done the same tests using the same test methods except for the Seliwanoff's test, in the test we had tested different foods to find out what type of carbohydrates are in them. At the end of the experiment we concluded that chocolate has monosaccharides, honey has disaccharides and both bread crumbs and milk are also monosaccharides.
Carbohydrate Reflection:
In the average day I would say I eat a lot and I don't really pay much attention to what I eat. I have never really thought about what I was eating nor have I cared to think about how many calories was is in the food I was eating because I eat as I like..I have always been the person to where if I want to eat a fruit then I'd eat a fruit or if I felt like eating a bag of chips then I would eat a bag of chips. I never have really looked at the labels on the back of boxes of the food or follow the serving size. Now that I have more knowledge about carbohydrates and the effects that they have in our bodies I feel that I will be more cautious of what I am consuming in a day to ensure that I keep my body as healthy as possible.Overall I think I get enough exercise a week and with that being said I will keep my fitness level the same because I believe that I get a good amount exercise every week.
Protein Introduction:
Geometry Of Proteins:
Carbohydrates are kind of like calories because they are an make the energy in our body that we use to function. Carbohydrates are sugars that can be received from various kinds of foods. The carbohydrate called Fructose is a type of carbohydrate that we get from fruits. There are also other carbohydrates and they are glucose, galactose, starch, and sucrose. All carbohydrates out there come in different forms, the forms they come in are monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. However all three of the forms are all isomers. Disaccharides are to monosaccharides bonded together and a polysaccharide is two disaccharides or multiple monosaccharides bonded together.
Carbohydrates Questions:
- Why do you need to consume sugar if over consumption can be harmful to our bodies?
- We consume sugar because it creates energy for our bodies.
- What is glucose? What does glucose become in our bodies (be specific)?
- Glucose is a molecule that interacts with oxygen molecules in our bodies and it helps give us the energy we need in your bodies to perform tasks.
- What are sweeteners?
- Sweeteners are carbohydrates that give our body energy.
- What are the negative effects of consuming sugar?
- The negative effects of sugar would have to be diseases and things such as diabetes, that affect your heart, liver, and pancreas.
- What are the differences between sucrose and Sucralose? (Look at geometry and chemistry of each molecule).
- The differences between Sucrose and Sucralose is Sucrose is natural and Sucralose is artificial. Sucrose is much sweeter as well. Although the chemical structures for Sucrose and Sucralose are pretty similar.
- After reading the two articles, which sugar do you think is the best for consumers? Why?
- After reading the articles I believe that artificial sweeteners are a better choice because there isn’t much proof that natural sugars aren't causing damage to the body. Although there have been cases where artificial sweeteners are related to cancer there is no definitive proof, and there is proof that natural sugar may cause diabetes or tooth decay.
Carbohydrate Lab:
For the carbohydrate lab me and a my table group had used what is known as the iodine test, the Benedict's test, the Barfoed's test, and the Seliwanoff's test to figure out what type of carbohydrates we were dealing with. My group and I had used a model tree in this carbohydrate lab to conclude the identity of the unknown carbohydrates. After we did the iodine test my group and I found that unknown D was positive so we concluded that it is a polysaccharide, later y group and I had agreed that it was starch. After my group and I finished the Benedict's test, our data showed that unknown C was the only one that test negative. After we completed that test we had concluded that it is not a reducing sugar which is why it was then to be labeled to be sucrose. After that test we did the Barfoed's test, this test specifically looks for disaccharides.After my group and I did that test we found that Unknown A tested negative which meant that its a disaccharide which is why we then labeled it to be lactose. The final test done in this test was the Seliwanoff's test which tests for ketoses, substance B tested positive meaning that it was in fact a ketose. After all the testing we then concluded that it was fructose. Then we concluded that the negative was glucose because it was the only one left to choose from. After my group and I were done we had done the same tests using the same test methods except for the Seliwanoff's test, in the test we had tested different foods to find out what type of carbohydrates are in them. At the end of the experiment we concluded that chocolate has monosaccharides, honey has disaccharides and both bread crumbs and milk are also monosaccharides.
Carbohydrate Reflection:
In the average day I would say I eat a lot and I don't really pay much attention to what I eat. I have never really thought about what I was eating nor have I cared to think about how many calories was is in the food I was eating because I eat as I like..I have always been the person to where if I want to eat a fruit then I'd eat a fruit or if I felt like eating a bag of chips then I would eat a bag of chips. I never have really looked at the labels on the back of boxes of the food or follow the serving size. Now that I have more knowledge about carbohydrates and the effects that they have in our bodies I feel that I will be more cautious of what I am consuming in a day to ensure that I keep my body as healthy as possible.Overall I think I get enough exercise a week and with that being said I will keep my fitness level the same because I believe that I get a good amount exercise every week.
Protein Introduction:
- What are proteins? Where do proteins come from?
- Proteins are basically the building blocks to all life. They are the building blocks because every cell in the human body contains proteins. But basically a protein is a large biological molecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins come from such things as amino acids and foods that we consume, which we then use the proteins our body has to create other proteins.
- How are proteins used in our bodies?
- Proteins are believed to increase performance in athletics and for building muscle tissue and repairing damaged tissues which is why a lot of bodybuilders consume mass amounts of protein
Geometry Of Proteins:
Protein Reflection:
Lipid Reading Questions:
- What is one thing I learned about Proteins?
- Something that I learned about proteins was that proteins are in basically everything. I learned that proteins are in things such as your hair, teeth, and skin. I also learned where proteins come from and what there purpose is.
- Will I use this knowledge in everyday life?
- I believe that I will use some of the knowledge I have gained from all the protein labs and work we have done. I think now that I understand more about protein I will be more careful about how much protein I consume in a day as well as actually understand what a protein is.
Lipid Reading Questions:
- How many types of fats are there? What does each one do?
- There are a total of five fats. The five fats are triglycerides, monounsaturated fats. polyunsaturated fats, saturated fats, trans-fatty acids.
- Triglycerides: Triglycerides are like a storage form of fat in your body that circulates in the bloodstream and deposited in adipose tissue.
- Monounsaturated Fats: Monounsaturated Fats are fats that are meant to help lower blood cholesterol according to recent studies.
- Polyunsaturated Fats: Polyunsaturated Fats have shown to help reduce the risk of heart disease.
- Saturated Fats: Saturated Fats are the worst of all of the fats because they raise your blood cholesterol which can then lead to heart disease.
- Trans-Fatty Acids: Trans-Fatty Acids are similar to Polyunsaturated Fats because they act like Polyunsaturated Fats in the body and raise blood cholesterol.
- What is cholesterol? Where does cholesterol come from?
- Cholesterol is a compound of the sterol type, which is often found in most of our body tissues, including the blood and the nerves. Cholesterol and its derivatives are important constituents of cell membranes and precursors of other steroid compounds, but high concentrations in the blood which is mainly derived from animal fats in the diet and are thought to lead to atherosclerosis. But cholesterol often comes from the food you eat and your body. But cholesterol is mostly produced in your liver.
- What is cholesterol comprised of?
- Cholesterol is comprised of many things. It is a waxy substance that contributes to the formation of many essential compounds. It is comprised of things such as Vitamin D, Bile Acid, Estrogen, and Testosterone.
- What is the difference between visible and invisible fats?
- The difference between Visible Fats and Invisible Fats are that visible fats are fats in foods that are purchased and used as fats, such as butter or margarine whereas Invisible Fats are fats that are not immediately noticeable such as those in egg yolk, cheese, cream, and salad dressings.
- What does "low-fat" mean? Are "low-fat" labels always accurate?
- Low Fat means that you are limiting the intake of certain foods, the foods that are often limited are red meats, whole milk, dairy, fried foods, high-fat spreads, and oily sauces. Low Fat labels are often very accurate though because when the manufacturer wants to print “low fat” on one of there products they have to go through the government and meet strict criteria before they can print it on there product.